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<title>Media server</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Media server</span></span>

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<p>A <b>media server</b> is a <a href="Computer_appliance" title="Computer appliance">computer appliance</a> or an <a href="Application_software" title="Application software">application software</a> that stores <a href="Digital_media" title="Digital media">digital media</a> (video, audio or images) and makes it available over a network.

</p><p>Media servers range from <a href="Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">servers</a> that provide <a href="Video_on_demand" title="Video on demand">video on demand</a> to smaller <a href="Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">personal computers</a> or <a href="Network-attached_storage" title="Network-attached storage">NAS (Network Attached Storage)</a> for the home.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Purpose">Purpose</h2></div>

<p>By definition, a media server is a device that simply stores and shares media. This definition is vague, and can allow several different devices to be called media servers. It may be a <a href="Network-attached_storage" title="Network-attached storage">NAS</a> drive, a <a href="Home_theater_PC" title="Home theater PC">home theater PC</a> running <a href="Windows_XP_editions#Media_Center_Edition" title="Windows XP editions">Windows XP Media Center Edition</a>, <a href="MediaPortal" title="MediaPortal">MediaPortal</a> or <a href="MythTV" title="MythTV">MythTV</a>, or a commercial <a href="Web_server" title="Web server">web server</a> that hosts media for a large web site. In a home setting, a media server acts as an aggregator of information: <a href="Video" title="Video">video</a>, <a href="Sound_recording" class="mw-redirect" title="Sound recording">audio</a>, photos, books, etc. These different types of media (whether they originated on <a href="DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a>, <a href="Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">CD</a>, <a href="Digital_camera" title="Digital camera">digital camera</a>, or in physical form) are stored on the media server's <a href="Hard_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard drive">hard drive</a>. Access to these is then available from a central location. It may also be used to run special applications that allow the user(s) to access the media from a remote location via the internet.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hardware">Hardware</h2></div>

<p>The only requirement for a media server is a method of storing media and a network connection with enough bandwidth to allow access to that media. Depending on the uses and applications that it runs, a media server may require large amounts of <a href="RAM" class="mw-redirect" title="RAM">RAM</a>, or a powerful <a href="Multi-core_processor" title="Multi-core processor">multicore</a> <a href="CPU" class="mw-redirect" title="CPU">CPU</a>. A <a href="RAID" title="RAID">RAID</a> array may be used to create a large amount of storage, though it is generally not necessary in a home media server to use a <a href="RAID" title="RAID">RAID</a> array that gives a performance increase because current home network transfer speeds are slower than that of most current <a href="Hard_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard drive">hard drives</a>. However, a <a href="Standard_RAID_levels#RAID_1" title="Standard RAID levels">RAID</a> configuration may be used to prevent loss of the media files due to disk failure as well.

</p><p>Many media servers also have the ability to capture media. This is done with specialized hardware such as TV tuner cards. Analog TV tuner cards can capture video from analog broadcast TV and output from cable/satellite set top boxes. This analog video then needs to be encoded in digital format to be stored on the media server. This encoding can be done with software running on the Media server computer or by hardware on the TV tuner card. Digital TV tuner cards take input from broadcast digital TV. In North America and in South Korea, the ATSC standard is used. In most of the rest of the world, DVB-T is the accepted standard. Since these transmissions are already digital, they do not need to be encoded.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Home_theater_PC_packages_with_server_capabilities">Home theater PC packages with server capabilities</h2></div>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Home_theater_PC" title="Home theater PC">Home theater PC</a></div>

<p>A variety of packages are available to run a home theater or media center.

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<li><a href="Jellyfin" title="Jellyfin">Jellyfin</a></li>

<li><a href="Kodi_(software)" title="Kodi (software)">Kodi Entertainment Center</a> (formerly XBMC)</li>

<li><a href="LinuxMCE" title="LinuxMCE">LinuxMCE</a></li>

<li><a href="MediaPortal" title="MediaPortal">MediaPortal</a></li>

<li><a href="MythTV" title="MythTV">MythTV</a></li>

<li><a href="TVersity_Media_Server" title="TVersity Media Server">TVersity Media Server</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media_servers_in_performance_environments">Media servers in performance environments</h2></div>

<p>The growing use of <a href="Motion_graphics" title="Motion graphics">motion graphics</a> in environments such as <a href="Theatre" title="Theatre">theatre</a>, <a href="Dance" title="Dance">dance</a>, <a href="Corporate_entertainment" title="Corporate entertainment">corporate events</a> and <a href="Concert" title="Concert">concerts</a> has led to the development of media servers designed specifically for live events. These machines are often high-spec PC computers with high-speed hard drive technologies such as <a href="RAID" title="RAID">RAID</a> arrays or <a href="Solid-state_drive" title="Solid-state drive">solid-state drives</a>, multiple GPUs and optionally a video capture board to allow mixing live video with recorded content and real-time effects. The supplied software is usually a suite of tools starting with the main VJ environment where the user defines a number of set layers, each switchable between live, stored media or real-time generated, and layering modes between them. All of these introduce parameters of which manipulation of values in these parameters over time become the performance. High-end media server systems include support for <a href="DMX512-A" class="mw-redirect" title="DMX512-A">DMX512-A</a>, <a href="MIDI" title="MIDI">MIDI</a>, <a href="Art-Net" title="Art-Net">Art-Net</a> or similar control protocols to allow multiple remote sources like sliders, buttons and knobs on a control console to drive these parameters, as well as sending commands from the media server to for instance control RGB or moving lighting and other stage effects.

</p><p>A major feature of high-end media servers is projection mapping, where multiple video projectors can project images onto irregularly shaped and positioned set pieces and even track their motion. This is usually done beforehand by the designer mapping their full set out in 3D in a pre-visualization tool.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media_servers_in_telephony">Media servers in telephony</h2></div>

<p>In the world of telephony, a media server is the computing component that processes the audio or video streams associated with telephone calls or connections. Conference services are a particular example of how media servers can be used, as a special 'engine' is needed to mix audio streams together so that conference participants can hear all of the other participants. Conferencing servers may also need other specialized functions like "loudest talker" detection, or <a href="Transcode" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcode">transcoding</a> of audio streams, and also interpreting <a href="DTMF" class="mw-redirect" title="DTMF">DTMF</a> tones used to navigate menus. For video processing, it may be needed to change video streams, for example transcode from one video codec to another or rescale a picture from one size to another. These media processing functions are the core responsibility of a media server.

</p><p>With telephony networks moving towards <a href="VoIP" class="mw-redirect" title="VoIP">VoIP</a> technology, and using <a href="Session_Initiation_Protocol" title="Session Initiation Protocol">Session Initiation Protocol</a> (SIP), the idea of media servers has started to gain some traction. Typically, an application (the 'application server') has the controlling logic, and controls a remote media server (or multiple servers) over an <a href="Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol">IP</a> connection, possibly using SIP. Protocols such as Netann, <a href="MSCML" title="MSCML">MSCML</a> and <a href="MSML" title="MSML">MSML</a> have been created for this way of working, and a new protocol, MediaCTRL, is under development at the <a href="IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="IETF">IETF</a>.

</p><p>The <a href="IP_Multimedia_Subsystem" title="IP Multimedia Subsystem">IP Multimedia Subsystem</a> (IMS), the blueprint for next generation networks, defines a component called the MRF (Media Resource Function), which is a kind of media server. In the case of IMS, the 'controlling logic' is provided by the MRFC (MRF controller), which, along with layers above, constitutes an 'application server'. Although the MRF has been associated largely with the legacy telecom H.248 protocol (see <a href="H.248" title="H.248">Gateway Control Protocol</a>), it is claimed that SIP-based protocols like MediaCTRL will ultimately prevail.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media_servers_in_cinema">Media servers in cinema</h2></div>

<p>Media servers in cinema allow users to download and watch high quality content by utilizing a movie player and plugging into a display or AV system. <a href="Kaleidescape" title="Kaleidescape">Kaleidescape</a> offers a movie server to store and cache content that enhances player performance.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<ul><li><a href="Comparison_of_PVR_software_packages" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of PVR software packages">Comparison of PVR software packages</a></li>

<li><a href="Digital_Living_Network_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Living Network Alliance">Digital Living Network Alliance</a></li>

<li><a href="Digital_media_receiver" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital media receiver">Digital media receiver</a></li>

<li><a href="Home_theater_PC" title="Home theater PC">Home theater PC</a></li>

<li><a href="Standard_RAID_levels" title="Standard RAID levels">Standard RAID levels</a></li>

<li><a href="Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">Streaming media</a></li>

<li><a href="UPnP_AV_MediaServers" class="mw-redirect" title="UPnP AV MediaServers">UPnP AV Media Servers</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Home_Server" title="Windows Home Server">Windows Home Server</a></li>

<li><a href="TV_gateway" title="TV gateway">TV gateway</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.projectorreviews.com/kaleidescape/first-look-review-kaleidescape-strato-s-theater-quality-movie-download-system-and-home-server/">"First Look Review Kaleidescape Strato S – Theater Quality Movie Download System and Home Server!"</a>. <i>Projector Reviews</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-18</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kaleidescape.com/movie-players-servers/">"Highest Cinematic Fidelity Movie Players & Servers"</a>. <i>Kaleidescape</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-18</span></span>.</cite></span>

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</style><div id="Home_theater_PC_software,_devices,_and_related_articles223" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Home_theater_PC" title="Home theater PC">Home theater PC</a> software, devices, and related articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Cross-platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-platform">Cross-platform</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Jellyfin" title="Jellyfin">Jellyfin</a></li>

<li><a href="Kodi_(software)" title="Kodi (software)">Kodi</a> (formerly XBMC)</li>

<li><a href="SageTV" title="SageTV">SageTV</a></li>

<li><a href="Serviio" title="Serviio">Serviio</a></li>

<li><a href="Universal_Media_Server" title="Universal Media Server">Universal Media Server</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="GeeXboX" title="GeeXboX">GeeXboX</a></li>

<li><a href="JRiver_Media_Center" title="JRiver Media Center">JRiver Media Center</a></li>

<li><a href="LibreELEC" title="LibreELEC">LibreELEC</a></li>

<li><a href="LinuxMCE" title="LinuxMCE">LinuxMCE</a></li>

<li><a href="MythTV" title="MythTV">MythTV</a></li>

<li><a href="Mythbuntu" title="Mythbuntu">Mythbuntu</a></li>

<li><a href="OpenELEC" title="OpenELEC">OpenELEC</a></li>

<li><a href="Tvheadend" title="Tvheadend">Tvheadend</a></li>

<li><a href="Video_Disk_Recorder" title="Video Disk Recorder">Video Disk Recorder</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Front_Row_(software)" title="Front Row (software)">Front Row</a></li>

<li><a href="JRiver_Media_Center" title="JRiver Media Center">JRiver Media Center</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Beyond_TV" title="Beyond TV">Beyond TV</a></li>

<li><a href="DVBViewer" title="DVBViewer">DVBViewer</a></li>

<li><a href="DVB_Dream" title="DVB Dream">DVB Dream</a></li>

<li><a href="JRiver_Media_Center" title="JRiver Media Center">JRiver Media Center</a></li>

<li><a href="MediaPortal" title="MediaPortal">MediaPortal</a></li>

<li><a href="GB-PVR" title="GB-PVR">NextPVR (formerly GB-PVR)</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Media_Center" title="Windows Media Center">Windows Media Center</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Set-top_box" title="Set-top box">Set-top boxes</a> /<br><a href="Digital_media_player" title="Digital media player">digital media players</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Amazon_Fire_TV" title="Amazon Fire TV">Amazon Fire TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Android_TV" title="Android TV">Android TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Apple_TV" title="Apple TV">Apple TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Boxee_Box" title="Boxee Box">Boxee Box</a></li>

<li><a href="Chromecast" title="Chromecast">Chromecast</a></li>

<li><a href="Dreambox" title="Dreambox">Dreambox</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_TV_(operating_system)" title="Google TV (operating system)">Google TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Hauppauge_MediaMVP" title="Hauppauge MediaMVP">Hauppauge MediaMVP</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_MediaSmart_Connect" title="HP MediaSmart Connect">HP MediaSmart Connect</a></li>

<li><a href="Kaleidescape" title="Kaleidescape">Kaleidescape</a></li>

<li><a href="Mediaroom" title="Mediaroom">Mediaroom</a></li>

<li>MySDATV</li>

<li><a href="Netgear_Digital_Entertainer" title="Netgear Digital Entertainer">Netgear Digital Entertainer</a></li>

<li><a href="ReplayTV" title="ReplayTV">ReplayTV</a></li>

<li><a href="Unibox" title="Unibox">Unibox</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Media_Center_Extender" title="Windows Media Center Extender">Windows Media Center Extender</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="ATI_Technologies" title="ATI Technologies">ATI Theater Cards</a></li>

<li><a href="Dreambox" title="Dreambox">Dreambox</a></li>

<li><a href="EyeTV" title="EyeTV">EyeTV</a></li>

<li><a href="Hauppauge_Computer_Works" title="Hauppauge Computer Works">Hauppauge Computer Works WinTV PVR Cards</a></li>

<li><a href="HDHomeRun" title="HDHomeRun">HDHomeRun</a></li>

<li><a href="Monsoon_HAVA" class="mw-redirect" title="Monsoon HAVA">Monsoon HAVA</a></li>

<li><a href="Quiet_PC" title="Quiet PC">Quiet PC</a></li>

<li><a href="Slingbox" title="Slingbox">Slingbox</a></li>

<li><a href="Touchscreen_remote_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Touchscreen remote control">Touchscreen remote control</a></li>

<li><a href="VBox_Home_TV_Gateway" title="VBox Home TV Gateway">VBox Home TV Gateway</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_USB_tv_tuner_sticks" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of USB tv tuner sticks">Comparison of USB tv tuner sticks</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Firmware/software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Android_TV" title="Android TV">Android TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_TV_(operating_system)" title="Google TV (operating system)">Google TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Firefox_OS" title="Firefox OS">Firefox OS</a></li>

<li><a href="HarmonyOS" title="HarmonyOS">HarmonyOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Plasma_Bigscreen" title="Plasma Bigscreen">Plasma Bigscreen</a></li>

<li><a href="SmartCast" class="mw-redirect" title="SmartCast">SmartCast</a></li>

<li><a href="Tizen" title="Tizen">Samsung Tizen OS</a></li>

<li><a href="TvOS" title="TvOS">Apple tvOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Ubuntu_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Ubuntu TV">Ubuntu TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Vizio" title="Vizio">Vizio</a></li>

<li><a href="WebOS" title="WebOS">LG webOS</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="10-foot_user_interface" title="10-foot user interface">10-foot user interface</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_audio_player_software" title="Comparison of audio player software">Comparison of audio player software</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_video_player_software" title="Comparison of video player software">Comparison of video player software</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_streaming_media_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of streaming media systems">Comparison of streaming media systems</a></li>

<li><a href="Digital_Living_Network_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Living Network Alliance">Digital Living Network Alliance</a></li>

<li><a href="Home_cinema" title="Home cinema">Home cinema</a></li>

<li><a href="Hybrid_Broadcast_Broadband_TV" title="Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV">Hybrid IPTV</a></li>

<li><a href="Smart_TV" title="Smart TV">Smart TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Streaming_television" title="Streaming television">Streaming television</a></li>

<li><a href="Video_player_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Video player (software)">Video player</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-05-23" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Media_server&oldid=1291846621">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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